LEGAL PRINCIPLES AND MODELS OF REGULATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN LABOR RELATIONS: FROM GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION TO SPECIALIZED NATIONAL LEGISLATION IN KAZAKHSTAN AND ITALY

Zhuzhgina Alexandra Andreevna

As part of a comprehensive study, a comparative legal analysis of the regulation of the use of AI in labor relations was conducted. The European approach is based on a four-level risk classification with the presumption of high risk for all human resource management systems, categorical prohibitions on recognizing emotions in the workplace, biometric categorization and social rating. The Italian model complements the European institutional framework by creating an AI Monitoring Center in the World of Work, criminalizing abuse and a positive commitment to use AI to promote integration. The Kazakh model has chosen a framework regulation with a single double classification of systems depending on the degree of risk and the level of autonomy, but without special provisions on labor relations. In addition, the principles of Russian legislation were studied: eight new principles were identified, their declaration was established, the priority of technological sovereignty and the promotion of innovation over the protection of workers' rights, the lack of classification of systems and effective enforcement mechanisms. law. Recommendations for improving Russian labor legislation are formulated.

Keywords:artificial intelligence, labor law, legal principles, algorithmic management, automated solutions, comparative law.