INDICTMENT IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS: THE HISTORY OF ITS FORMATION AND MODERN LEGAL APPROACHES

Adiatullin Rustem Iskanderovich

The article is devoted to the study of the genesis and modern legal significance of the indictment as the final document of pre-trial proceedings. The article analyzes the evolution of the institution of prosecution from the private-law-suit model of the pre-reform process to public prosecution and written indictment, as well as the impact of the judicial reform of 1864 and the Soviet criminal process on modern legal regulation. Using a comparative legal approach, the features of the indictment document in the legal systems of the CIS countries, Romano-Germanic, Anglo-Saxon and Muslim traditions are revealed. The article substantiates the role of the indictment in determining the limits of the trial and protecting the rights of the accused.

Keywords:indictment, indictment, criminal proceedings, judicial proceedings, jurisprudence, legal guarantees.