Kabdyrakova A. M. (Branch "Institute radiation safety and ecology" RSE "National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan")
Kunduzbayeva A. E. (Branch "Institute radiation safety and ecology" RSE "National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan")
Lukashenko S. N. (Branch "Institute radiation safety and ecology" RSE "National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan")
Larionova N. V. (Branch "Institute radiation safety and ecology" RSE "National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan")
Baiserkenova T. N. (Branch "Institute radiation safety and ecology" RSE "National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan")
Mendubaev A. T. (Branch "Institute radiation safety and ecology" RSE "National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan")
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Peculiarities of artificial radionuclides distribution in particle-size fractions of soils at conditionally "background contaminated" territories of Semipalatinsk Test Site (STS) and fallout plumes of ground nuclear explosions conducted 24.09.1951 and 12.08.1953 (thermonuclear) at the test site are examined. Conditionally "background contaminated" territories are some parts of Semipalatinsk Test Site territory where nuclear tests were not conducted but radiation situation was caused by local and global fallouts. Enrichment factor (EF) was used for quantitative assessment of radionuclides distribution in particle-size fractions of soils which was calculated as a ratio of particle-size fraction-to-soil activity concentrations. On the conditionally "background contaminated" territories the rising trend of activity concentrations of radionuclides and the highest accumulation in fraction <1 μm were revealed (EF = 1,9-3,9). On the fallout plumes of ground nuclear explosions fractions enriched with radionuclides were identified. The size of enriched fraction on the fallout plume of ground nuclear explosion of 24.09.1951 is 40-8 мкм, on the fallout plume of ground nuclear explosion of 12.08.1953 г - 500-250 μm. The average values of EF are 1,7-2,2 and 1,5-3,0 respectively. The signs of presence of enriched fractions were also observed on the conditionally "background contaminated" territories what can indicative of ground nuclear explosions impact on this territories. Alternative method of calculation of radionuclide's activity concentrations in air by using average value of EF, average activity concentration in soils and average annual dustiness of air was suggested.
Keywords:artificial radionuclides, distribution, soil, particle-size fractions, Semipalatinsk Test Site, conditionally "background contaminated" territories, fallout plumes
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Citation link:
Kabdyrakova A. M., Kunduzbayeva A. E., Lukashenko S. N., Larionova N. V., Baiserkenova T. N., Mendubaev A. T. Investigation of artificial radionuclides in particle-size fraction of soils at conditionally "background contaminated" areas of Semipalatinsk Test Site // Современная наука: актуальные проблемы теории и практики. Серия: Естественные и Технические Науки. -2016. -№08. -С. 5-16 |
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