Mechanisms of economic stimulation of industrial companies to environmental protection activities, introduction of the best available technologies and solutions close to them: analysis of foreign and Russian experience

Zakondyrin Alexander E.

At the present stage in various countries of the world, many measures are used to economically stimulate industrial companies to introduce and apply the best available technologies (BAT), as well as close to them and similar solutions. The study highlights the main economic instruments aimed at supporting environmental programs that are actively used abroad. It is concluded that many of the mechanisms of such incentives in our country are not applied at all or have not gained the necessary popularity and distribution for the current time stage. It is established that economic support measures aimed at the development of the BAT Institute in the Russian Federation relate mainly to industrial enterprises that are sources of increased negative impact on the environment (NVOS). It is concluded that support should be implemented not only in relation to these organizations, but also to their key suppliers and consumers of goods and services, for which it is proposed to provide special benefits that can be used if they comply with the conditions for cooperation with enterprises that have fully switched to BAT. The point of view is also expressed about the prospects of insuring the economic risks of creditors and investors of environmental programs and projects, as well as more active use of the opportunities of "green" bonds, which have become widespread in other countries of the world, but are still little used in Russia.

Keywords:best available technologies, foreign experience, environmental policy, environmental funds, payments for environmental pollution, environmental taxes, mandatory environmental insurance system, Institute of concession agreements, public private partnership, financing of environmental projects," green " bonds, quotas for environmental pollution.