Fedor Fedorovich (Friedrich Fromhold) Martens: the role of personality in history

Sapezhinskaya Anna Antonovna

The purpose of the article is to determine the importance of the role of the personality of Fyodor Fedorovich (Friedrich-Fromgold) Martens for the development of international law. The article examines the stages of his formation as a scientist, as well as changes in international law in the course of historical development. The main attention is paid to such works of F.F. Martens as "Contemporary international law of civilized peoples", as well as the Collection of all international treaties of the Russian Empire. Many scientific positions defined by F.F. Martens over a century ago, for example, four basic principles for the theoretical analysis of international law are still relevant today. Scientific novelty lies in the study of the role of personality Fedor Fedorovich (Friedrich-Fromgold) Martens is inseparable from the history of the Russian state, and the role of the Russian state in the international arena. As a result, it was determined that despite the imminent fall of the Russian Empire and the temporary oblivion of the name of Fyodor Fedorovich (Friedrich-Fromgold) Martens for Russian scientists, he is the founder of both humanitarian and international law.

Keywords:science, jurisprudence, personality, history, international law, F. F. Martens, international agreement, humanitarian law