Use of financial instruments in the modern russian economy

Zaitsev Vladislav A.

The use of various financial instruments by companies is one of the key factors of its success in the market. Timely selection of the correct financial instruments is the most important task of company management. To accomplish this task, there are various techniques, some of which are based on defining the life cycles of an organization. Sources of financing are the channels through which it is possible to raise funds. As a rule, a careful analysis of the project or the factors affecting their well-being is used for financing. There are various theories of the life cycles of companies, in this work we will consider some of them and propose our theory of defining the life cycle. Based on the life cycle, we will present the optimal sources of financing. In this paper, we will also consider the life cycles of companies that distinguish the scientific community, and characterize them. Based on the life stages proposed by various researchers, we will choose the most optimal ones for research.

Keywords:financial instrument, life cycle, stocks, investing, derivatives, swaps, structured products, initial public offering.