State policy in the field of career guidance: domestic experience of the past and prospects for the future

Fursov Andrey Lvovich, Vorobyev Dmitry Igorevich, Bereznyakovsky Vladimir Sergeevich

This article contains an overview of the main stages of the formation of the national state policy in the field of professional orientation. The development of the state system of vocational guidance, which has passed through several stages, is shown – from the organization of the minimum necessary professional counseling at the stage of social start to the assumption by the state and its institutions of a leading and guiding role in the system of vocational guidance of the population to ensure that the capabilities and abilities of each employee meet the requirements of the labor market. The analysis of the domestic experience of career guidance convinces that the state regulation of career guidance, built on the basis of domestic and foreign scientific developments and a wealth of practical experience, allows you to effectively perform the tasks of professional socialization of human resources and ensure a balance in the labor market. The dominant role of the state in the system of professional orientation of the population in postmodern conditions actualizes the renewal of state policy taking into account the requirements of the postmodern economy. This, in particular, implies the creation of conditions where employees throughout their working life can self-actualize in accordance with their abilities and inclinations, focus on obtaining and improving a set of professional competencies that are in demand at any given moment in the labor market. Thus, the state policy of career guidance in postmodern conditions is to teach workers to "discover themselves" in new professions, constantly improve their competitiveness in the labor market.

Keywords:state personnel policy, state employment policy, state policy in the field of education, professional orientation