EVOLUTION OF THE CONCEPT OF "DISABILITY" IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERN SOCIO-ECONOMIC REALITIES

Gamataeva Saida Khasmagomedovna, Nazmutdinov Gadzhi Imamutdinovich

The article is engaged in deconstruction and clarification of the category of "disability" through the prism of sociological analysis, focusing on its importance for social policy in the context of the legislative framework of the Russian Federation and modern socio-economic discourses. The text analyzes the mechanisms of social protection of individuals with disabilities, considering this category as an evolved scientific construct. Particular attention is paid to critical understanding of the diversity of definitions of disability presented in academic research, which indicates the multiplicity of approaches and theoretical frameworks that form this concept. The authors of the article outline the existing conceptual framework for theorizing the social aspects of disability and methods of social adaptation and rehabilitation, emphasizing the specificity of the socio-economic conditions that influence this process.

Keywords:disability, social policy, sociological analysis, legislation, socio-economic theories, social protection