AMERICAN EXPERIENCE IN IMPLEMENTING CLUSTER INITIATIVES

Mindlin Yury Borisovich

The cluster approach is becoming more relevant every year, due to its advantages and high level of efficiency. The article presents approaches to the implementation of cluster policy in the United States of America, the experience of government participation in the implementation of cluster initiatives. The cluster approach in the United States of America is aimed at stimulating economic development and innovation by combining the efforts of business, academia and government. Specific examples of American cluster associations are considered, which are examples of effective and competent implementation of cluster policy in the country. It was revealed that the features of the American cluster approach are: innovation orientation, partnership between universities and the private sector, active government support and policy, pooling of public and private resources, active support for small and medium-sized businesses in cluster projects. American cluster growth promotion strategies are divided into two types: cluster initiatives and cluster-oriented economic development plans (developed by government agencies or within the framework of public-private partnerships). At the same time, the predominance of the second type of projects for the development of the cluster approach is noted. According to a study of the American experience in implementing cluster policy, several conclusions and recommendations have been formulated that can be taken into account in the Russian practice of cluster interaction.

Keywords:cluster, cluster approach, cluster initiatives, industrial cluster, cluster policy, USA, foreign experience