Population dynamics of the amur tiger and the ungulates in Lazovsky Zapovednik

Salkina Galina Petrovna, Kolesnikov Vladimir Semyonovich, Eryomin Dmitrij Yurievich

In the Lazovsky Zapovednik from 1997 to 2018 annual census of tiger and ungulates (red deer, roe deer, sika deer, wild boar) were carried out by the monitoring of the predator group the winter. This took place in the routes with a total length from 113 to 204 km. Indices of relative abundance animal - density of their tracks - was determined. The identified positive correlations between numbers of tiger and wild boar (R=0,61), sika deer and red deer (R=0,62), sika deer and roe deer (R=0,54), red deer and roe deer (R=0,68). And correlations between the numbers of different members of the deer family are explained by their similar reaction to the action of the same environmental factors. The positive correlations between the numbers of the tiger and the different species of deer on this material are not found. Such correlation was observed between the number of tiger and sika deer in periods of long-term growth or decline in the number of the deer. The positive correlation between the predator and wild boar is explained by the increase in the survival rate of young tigers during the period of increasing the number of this ungulate. It is concluded that the conservation and increase of the Amur tiger population depends on the preservation of the Mongolian oak and Korean pine, which are important forage resources for wild boar - one of the main food objects of this predator.

Keywords:tiger, ungulates, density of tracks, relative number.