Studying the status of the KRAS gene depending on the degree of tumor differentiation in patients with colorectal cancer of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Kaydarova Dilyara Radikovna, Smagulova Kaldygul Kabakovna, Khozhamkul Fariza Altaykyzy

The degree of tumor differentiation and the status of the KRAS gene are important factors determining the treatment tactics and prognosis for CRC. The data on the degree of differentiation and status of the KRAS gene of 332 patients with colorectal cancer registered in regional oncologic dispensaries of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period from 2010 to 2014 were studied Distribution in the presence of mutations in the KRAS gene according to the degree of differentiation of tumor cells was: with highly differentiated adenocarcinoma (G1) – 38%, moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (G2) – 46,5%, low-grade adenocarcinoma (G3) – 42,9%. In patients with CRC with a mutated KRAS gene, the G12D mutation was most common (32,2%). Mutations in codon 13 were more common with the degree of differentiation of G1 (36,8%), whereas with G2 and G3 – in 12 codon (G12D): 33,9% and 25,0%, respectively. There is a tendency to increase the frequency of mutations in the G3 degree of differentiation of the tumor process (p = 0,05).

Keywords:colorectal cancer, molecular genetic studies, KRAS mutation, wild type, degree of differentiation