Multipurpose coefficient as a tool for estimating a pollution level and ability for self-purification of a water object

Evstifeeva T., Glukhovskaya M.

The quality of surface water in almost all water bodies, with very few exceptions, in Russia does not meet the regulatory requirements. The Orenburg region is no exception. The Ural river, as the main watercourse and source of water supply for municipal and industrial consumers, already brings water with a fairly high level of pollution to the territory of the region, since many settlements and industrial enterprises of the Chelyabinsk region and the Republic of Bashkortostan discharge sewage into it and its main tributaries. Industrial and municipal effluents in Orenburg exacerbate the problem of pollution in the Urals. This article provides a spatial and temporal assessment of the quality and natural capabilities of the water of the Ural river within the city of Orenburg and the Orenburg city district to self-purification due to the action of physical and biological factors.

Keywords:water multipurpose coefficient; extremely high level of water pollution; control target, background target, water self- purification, hydrobionts.