The change in tone actually masticatory muscles in patients with crowding in the anterior upper and lower jaws after orthodontic treatment

Galstyan S. G., Rozhkova M. G., Lepilin A. V., Sevastyanov A. V., Fisher S. B.

Introduction. Crowding of teeth-a pathology of the dentition characterized by a close location of the teeth as a result of the existing lack of space-is one of the most common types of abnormalities in the formation of the dentition, which is often an independent pathology [2]. Purpose. To study the state of proper chewing muscle tone in patients with crowding of teeth in the anterior Department. Materials and methods. We examined 32 patients aged 21-35 years (18 women, 14 men) with a crowd of teeth in the anterior part of the upper and lower jaws, treated with fixed orthodontic devices and Central incisors (group 1), and 26 patients aged 21-35 years (15 women, 11 men) with a crowd of teeth in the anterior part of the upper and lower jaws, treated with fixed orthodontic devices in combination with tooth extraction (group 2). We have proposed an original method of orthodontic treatment of patients with crowding of teeth in the anterior part of the upper and lower jaws. The quality of treatment was assessed using myotonometry, measuring the rest tone (TP) and tension tone (TN) of the actual chewing muscles. The comparison group consisted of 50 people aged 21-35 years (30 women, 20 men) with intact dentition and physiological types of bite. Results. Indicators of chewing muscle tone in group 2 patients before treatment were lower than those obtained in the comparison group. In group 1 patients, these indicators were almost identical to the comparison group. Conclusions: indicators of chewing muscle tone in group 2 patients before treatment were lower than in the comparison group, and after treatment, the tone of rest and tension became normal. In group 1 patients, these indicators were almost identical to the comparison group before and after orthopedic treatment.

Keywords:crowding of teeth, myotonometry, orthodontics, orthodontic treatment.