Study of the main pigmental composition of plants of the species of Carduus nutans and Cirsium vulgare in different vegetation periods

Osinkina Tatiana Vladimirovna

The aim of this study is to analyze the content of pigments in the generative organs of herbaceous plants of the thistle thistle (Carduus nutans) and common thistle (Cirsium vulgare) species at different time intervals of the growing season. Methods for determination of pigments were performed by spectrophotometric method on a PEVI 5300 device with preliminary extraction of pigments and carotenoids in 90% ethanol; for lycopene, n-hexane, reagent grade was used. Based on this study, variations in pigment content have been recorded. The content of chlorophyll a in both plant species was the highest and averaged 2.5608 mg / l, and the maximum in the common thistle was 3.7060 mg / l - after flowering. The ratio of chlophyll a / chlorophyll b is highest in thistle thistle - 2.31 and common thistle - 2.10 also after flowering. The average total content of carotenoids is the minimum value of 1.0225 mg / l, the highest in common thistle is 1.4120 mg / l after flowering. The content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, lycopene, and carotenoids turned out to be variable: with an increase in chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in the flowering phase for both species and for common thistle after flowering. The predominance of the content of chlorophylls a and b over the content of carotenoids indicates the preservation of a high photosynthetic activity of plants.

Keywords:pigments; carotenoids; growing season; lycopene; photosynthetic processes; xenobiotics; chlorophyll a; chlorophyll b; free radicals, ecotope.