Comprehensive indoor positioning with watermarked digital audio signals

Gofman M. V.

The article develops an complex method of positioning in a room, when as a communication channel, between a mobile point (smart device equipped with a microphone) and reference points (speakers of the room speaker system), an airborne audio channel is used, through which marked audio signals are transmitted. A feature of the method is that it uses a traditional approach based on solving a system of hyperbola equations, as well as an analytical approach based on finding the minimum of the objective function. The article presents the results of field experiments on positioning with marked audio signals in the room. Based on the results of field experiments, a statistical assessment of the positioning accuracy by the developed complex method was carried out. The standard deviation and the average value of the distances between the coordinate of the point of the true location of the microphone and the coordinates of this point, found as a result of applying the proposed complex method to the data obtained from field experiments on the transmission and reception of marked audio signals, are calculated.

Keywords:steganography, audio stegosystem, digital audio signal, audio watermarking, positioning, indoor positioning.