Impact of the adverse environmental factors on athletes' adaptation changes

Zakharov Nikita Evgenevich, Shlapakova Svetlana Nikolaevna, Kondrashova Irina Nikolaevna, Kondykova Nataliia Nikolaevna

The paper studies the peculiarities of athletes’ adaptation changes under the impact of the adverse environmental factors. The obtained data allow us to evaluate the level of adaptability of the main functional systems of athletes from areas with the favourable environmental situation to the impact of regular physical activities, which is expressed by a high content of the muscular component of body weight, progressive indices of the state of the cardiovascular system, the index of adaptive capacity and functional tests. At the same time, the organism of athletes who live in conditions of environmental disadvantage is characterized by the presence of tendencies to develop stress mechanisms of adaptation of the cardiovascular system, as well as reliably lower results of functional tests. Sporting activities form a structural trace of adaptation changes, but their severity and level of manifestation in contaminated areas, however, are lower than in conditionally clean ones.

Keywords:environmental factors, adaptation, functional systems, morphology, human body, athletes.