Biomedical aspects of the effects of ionized radiation on the human body

Guliyeva Sevda Vagifkyzy, Garayeva Gunel Galibkyzy

This article analyzes open publications on this problem and in a simple accessible form answers to the main questions related to the nature of radioactive radiation and its impact on our lives. The history of the discovery of radioactive radiation is summarized. The effect of radioactive radiation on the DNA molecule is described, as well as the important role of toxic products in the mechanisms of development of ionized lesion. It is noted that the most significant radiation in ionized radiation is damage to nuclear chromatin, which often leads to cell death. The effect of ionizing radiation is manifested at all levels of biological organization at the level of macromolecules, cells, tissues, organs, and a holistic organism. The main stages in the action of radiation on biological systems are indicated. The mechanism of biochemical processes and some peculiarities of exposure to radioactive pollution of the environment by ionizing radiation of radioactive substances of different origin, influencing.

Keywords:radiation, free radical peroxidation of lipids, deoxyribonucleic acid, membrane-bound enzymes.