Genotypical background of Staphylococcus aureus in symbiotic interaction with Blastocystis spp

Bugero Nina Vladimirovna, Ilyina Natalia Anatolyevna

In recent years, cases of staphylococcal diseases have become more frequent. First, this is due to the high adaptability of staphylococcus to antibiotics and increasing of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria. The presence of a whole spectrum of various pathogenic factors in bacteria belonging to the genus Stapylococcus, including Stapylococcus aureus, allows them to easily cause an infectious process, due to adhesion and immunoresistance. At the same time, in the body, staphylococci interact with the human microbiota. The microbiota of an organism is a community of microorganisms that is constantly changing and is characterized by complex relationships at the level of pro- and eukaryotic cells and does not always fit into the norm of the phenotype's reaction to changes in environmental conditions. This study shows the possibility of mutual influence between Staphylococcus aureus and Blastocystis spp. in vitro at the molecular level. Analysis of quantitative indicators revealed an increase in the frequency of detection of genes responsible for pathogenicity in staphylococci (spp and spa) after their co-cultivation with protists of the genus Blastocystis. An increase in the frequency of occurrence of the spp and spa genes in Staphylococcus aureus after co-cultivation with the blastocyst culture, depending on the degree of virulence, is noted, which undoubtedly indicates their influence on the ability to realize the pathogenic potential of symbionts and the ability to overcome the innate immunity of the host organism. In general, this can lead to a sharp depletion of compensatory mechanisms in microorganisms and increase the risk of unfavorable outcomes.

Keywords:Staphylococcus aureus, Blastocystis spp., Pathogenicity, cultivation, symbiosis, genetic background, restriction enzymes