Scar deformations of the maxillofacial region as a consequence of focal sclerodermia: a review of modern treatment methods

Chkadua Tamara Zurabovna, Visaitova Zulikhan Yusupovna, Ibragimova Halimat Musalipovna

Any deformations in the facial area negatively affect the psychological status of a person and contribute to the development of a sense of inferiority, low self-esteem and internal discomfort, thereby hindering the social realization of the individual. Localized scleroderma remains one of the most pressing problems of modern medicine due to the specificity, variability of the clinical picture and refractoriness to therapeutic treatment. A common complication of focal scleroderma is the development of cicatricial deformities in the maxillofacial region. Despite the large number of methods for surgical elimination of facial deformity in hemiatrophy due to focal scleroderma: the use of skin and fat grafts, the use of individually modeled silicone implants, the introduction of injectable fillers, free autologous fat transplantation (lipofilling) remains the method of choice in the arsenal of most plastic surgeons. Autologous adipose tissue is of growing scientific interest and is considered an ideal filler due to its biocompatibility, ease of preparation and low trauma for the patient. The indications for the use of lipofilling are increasing every day as lipofilling is recognized as an effective and reliable method.

Keywords:focal scleroderma, cicatricial deformities, treatment methods, recovery, correction, lipofilling, elimination of defects, mesenchymal stem cells of adipose tissue (MSC VT).