Frequency and causes of complications of osteotomy of the lower jaw in patients with lower macrognatia and methods for their elimination

Abdukadyrov Abdusalom, Kurbanov Farkhod Rakhimovich, Abdukadyrov Davirzhon Abdusalomovich, Mukhamedova Feruza Shukhratovna

The article is devoted to the complications of surgical treatment of lower macrognathia using vertical osteotomy of the mandibular branches. The material for the study was the analysis of the results of treatment of 92 adult patients with lower macrognathia. Of the total number of 76 patients, in order to identify errors and complications of the preoperative, interoperative and immediate postoperative periods, a retrospective analysis of the case histories of patients treated in the clinic of maxillofacial surgery of the CRPCMR from 1992-2010 was carried out. Also, in order to identify complications in the long-term after operations, a clinical and radiological examination of 16 patients who reapplied, who underwent vertical osteotomy of the mandibular branches during this period, was carried out. The age of the patients ranged from 18 to 58 years. Of these, 58 women and 34 men. The results of the studies showed that complications occur during the operation in 3.25%, in the immediate postoperative period in 23.9% and in the long-term after the operation in 15.1% of patients and much less than in various variants of planar osteotomies of the mandibular branches. The reasons for these complications are errors in outpatient preparation with the participation of related specialists, shortcomings in a comprehensive examination, performing an osteotomy method, and postoperative management of patients with lower macrognathia. The implementation of the proposed comprehensive examination methods leads to an accurate diagnosis of complications and the choice of adequate methods of treatment and prevention.

Keywords:orthognathia, macrognathia, micrognathia, osteotomy.