Modern approaches to treatment of terminal finger phalanx trauma

Kalita Ekaterina Romanovna

It performed the analysis of literature data on the features of surgical treatment of the fingers distal phalanx trauma. The methods of treatment are considered, it is noted that the methods of closing burn and wound defects of the hand are characterized by the following features: autodermoplasty of the wound with free split skin flaps allows to close large wound defects, plastic surgery of wounds with free full-thickness skin flaps also does not require special equipment and surgeon training, characterized by a high rate of survival in the wound area. Plastic surgeries with the use of flaps with preserved blood supply make it possible to close burn and wound defects of the hand with the highest quality due to the restoration of power supply to the injured area through the flap. Analysis of the literature has shown that the main mistakes in the treatment of these injuries are the unjustified refusal from primary surgical debridement of the wound and irrational surgical debridement of the finger stumps. Treatment of burn and cold injuries also often includes amputation of the fingers phalanges, which ultimately leads to disability and a significant decrease in the quality of life of the victims. When treating the consequences of injuries and burns, finger stumps are formed on the basis of the personal experience of each particular surgeon, "generally accepted" rules and other, mainly biased criteria. It is necessary to determine the most optimal options for preserving the anatomical integrity of the organ and the function of fingers for skin grafting in patients with deep burns, with extensive lacerated wounds and post-burn deformities of the hand.

Keywords:finger injury, burn, terminal phalanx, amputation, plastic surgery, skin flap, graft.