A High Frenulum, A Short Lip Impact on THE bone level on THE vestibular side

Aleksandrova O V

An aberrant frenulum is a risk factor for bone loss. A retrospective study of the frenulum of the upper lip was performed in 43 people with a replaceable and permanent bite, at the age of 11 – 38 years old. In adults and children without ischemic of the frenulum and gums, with a high attachment of a normal frenulum (below the cement-enamel joint by 1 – 2,9 mm.), the bone is located closer to the cement-enamel junction (r ≥ 0,57; t ≥ 2,2; p < 0,05). A shorter lip is combine with an decrease in bone level during the period of a changeable bite and after the end of the formation of the roots of the second or third molars (r ≥ 0,83; t ≥ 3,05; p < 0,01). The adverse effects of ischemia are greater than the protective effects of the frenulum and the lip length. A frenectomy for aesthetic reasons in persons with a short upper lip can worsen bone loss.

Keywords:bone level, maxillary frenulum, upper lip, attachment frenum, normal frenulum.