Incidence and surgical treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer under biogenic pathogenic factors

Zakhokhov Ruslan Maksidovich, Soltanov Eldar Idrisovich, Mukaev Aslanbek Akhmedovich, Arkhestova Diana Ruslanovna, Teuvov Islam Aslanovich

The increase in morbidity and mortality from thyroid cancer is observed all over the world. Environmental factors are recognized as risk factors for thyroid cancer in humans. Exposure to radiation, some organic and inorganic chemical toxicants is a worldwide public health problem due to their proven carcinogenicity. Improving the methods of diagnosis of prostate cancer is the basis for choosing timely and effective tactics of complex treatment. A comparative analysis of the examination and treatment of 295 patients with differentiated prostate cancer was carried out in order to assess the incidence and results of treatment of prostate cancer in the presence of risk factors in mountainous, foothill and lowland areas of the studied biogeocenosis. All patients with locally advanced prostate cancer were operated at the T1N0M0-T3N0M0 stage after an examination including the results of thyroid ultrasound, cytological examination with interpretation of Betesda data, hormonal examination. The main group consisted of 206 people, and the comparison group consisted of 89 people. The peculiarities of the natural and climatic living conditions of the studied group of patients living in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic (KBR) were evaluated within three zones (plain, mountain, foothill). The concentrations of uranium, lead, divalent mercury ions, selenium, polonium, and arsenic were measured in sources from 16 CBD water intakes, as well as the level of iodine (the degree of iodine deficiency) in water and soil. The effect of significant influence of ecopathogenic factors and anthropogenic factors in the lowland and foothill zones on the spread of RSL has been revealed, which makes it possible to use it in the clinical diagnostic algorithm of RSL. The prevalence of breast cancer in the lowland and foothill areas of the studied biogeocenosis is twice as high as in the mountainous ones. The use of a gentle technique of extrafascial resection of the thyroid gland with an ultrasound scalpel allowed to reduce the frequency of postoperative complications by half, despite the increase in the number of radical TE.

Keywords:thyroid cancer, thyroidectomy, Extrafascial thyroid resection.