Evaluation of the prevalence of periodontal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Lisina Marianna Andreevna, Borodulina Irina Ivanovna, Vasilyeva Lyudmila Vasilievna, Chirsky Vadim Semenovich

Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine-metabolic disease, the pathogenesis of which is an absolute or relative deficiency of insulin, which leads to a violation of carbohydrate, protein, fat and other types of metabolism. Type 2 diabetes mellitus includes disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, accompanied by severe insulin resistance with a defect in insulin secretion or with a predominant violation of insulin secretion and moderate insulin resistance. As a rule, in type 2 diabetes, two factors involved in the pathogenesis of the disease (a defect in insulin secretion and insulin resistance) are detected in a different ratio in each patient. The purpose of this study was to assess the state of the oral cavity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, including periodontal tissues. Characteristic symptoms were identified that manifest themselves in the oral cavity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: in the form of discoloration, moisture of the mucous membrane, a high level of caries and inflammatory processes in the periodontium. Teaching oral hygiene, sanitation and rational prosthetics contribute to the improvement of the dental condition.

Keywords:diabetes, oral hygiene, periodontal disease, glycated hemoglobin.