HEAVY METALS IN THE KOLYMA RIVER ECOSYSTEM

Tyaptirgyanov Matvei Matveevich

This article discusses the problems of anthropogenic influence on aquatic biota, including mining, household wastewater, which led to the eutrophication of one of the major river systems of northern Asia - the Kolyma River. Questions about the ways of migration and accumulation of heavy metals in the aquatic ecosystem are very relevant for the reservoirs of Yakutia, where mining is carried out. In the Kolyma river, many heavy metals and their compounds were characteristic pollutants. The excess of MPC ranged from 50-100% of the water sample, ranging from 1 to 3 MPC in terms of mercury, cadmium and lead. Violation of the temperature optimum negatively affected salmon and whitefish species. A powerful anthropogenic impact on aquatic ecosystems has led to a significant decrease in the proportion of whitefish and an increase in perch-carp fish. The issues raised do not cover the full extent of the study of the problem of the sustainability of aquatic ecosystems and the forecast of man-made impacts and require further comprehensive research by a wide range of specialists of the Magadan region and the Republic of Yakutia.

Keywords: heavy metals, toxicity, eutrophication, highly mineralized discharges, mercury, cadmium, lead, trophicity, maximum permissible concentrations (MPC), anomalies in development