BIOLOGICAL EFFECT OF "HOT" RADIOACTIVE PARTICLES ON THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT OF MONOGASTRIC ANIMALS

Shapovalov Stanislav Gennadievich, Kozmin Gennady Vasilievich

The main dosimetric characteristics of β-irradiation of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of monogastric animals (for example, rats, guinea pigs and pigs), leading to biological effects in the form of radiation-induced ulcerative necrotic lesions of the digestive tract with oral intake of insoluble "hot" radioactive particles (RP), are presented. The main factors leading to the formation and further development of such ulcerative radiation lesions are the uneven distribution of RP in the contents of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as the deposition of such particles on individual sections of the surface layer of the mucous membrane, which subsequently leads to the formation of local radiation levels that can exceed the average values of the formed absorbed doses. According to the results of the analysis of clinical manifestations of the effects of exposure to radioactive radiation, together with a pathoanatomical assessment of the process of formation of focal ulcerative lesions, the observed pathological process was classified as acute radiation ulcerative gastroenterocolitis ranked by mild, medium, severe and extremely severe degrees in strict dependence on the activity values of "hot" RP incorporated in the gastrointestinal tract and absorbed doses of β-radiation formed in the digestive tract experimental animals. Acknowledgments: the authors of the article express their gratitude to Professors Viktor Alekseevich Budakov and Alexander Sergeevich Zenkin for providing indicators of the course of the disease, a pathoanatomic picture of radiation damage to the digestive tract and valuable comments

Keywords:biological effect, digestive tract, monogastric animals, rats, guinea pigs, pigs, hot radioactive particles, absorbed doses, acute radiation ulcerative gastroenterocolitis