EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES IN DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF HEMORRHAGIC STROKE (LITERATURE REVIEW)

Lomova Irina Pavlovna, Tikhonova Margarita Borisovna

The review presents recent research data devoted to the study the role of extracellular vesicles (EV) in hemorrhagic stroke (HI). The relevance of the search for new approaches to solving the problem of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is highlighted, with an emphasis on new possibilities for limiting intracerebral hematoma using erythrocyte EVs, as well as the role of EVs in secondary inflammation and brain regeneration after HI. The influence of endothelial and blood cell EVs on the development of cerebral vasospasm and secondary ischemic stroke against the background of subarachnoid hemorrhage, as well as possible ways to block the action of pathogenic EVs, are separately considered. The importance of vesicular microRNAs in the differential diagnosis of hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke was noted, which, if HI is excluded, will speed up the provision of reperfusion therapy already in emergency care. The potential role of EVs, including those from mesenchymal stem cells, was noted in the delivery of regenerative agents across the BBB into the damaged brain and increasing neuroplasticity after HI.

Keywords:hemorrhagic stroke, extracellular vesicles, intracerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebral vasospasm, microRNA of extracellular vesicles, hematoma growth, hemostatic therapy, regeneration, mesenchymal stem cells.