THE MECHANISM OF AGING AND METHODS OF CELL REGULATING FOR THE PREVENTION OF AGE-RELATED CHANGES

Orlina Margarita Anatol’evna, Froyan Alina Rubenovna

This article discusses the role of mitochondria in aging processes. The relevance is the analysis of aging mechanisms and the search for solutions to age-related changes by selecting studies on the topic and analyzing the literature used. The purpose of the work is to find prospects for treating premature age-related changes. A review of the literature and an analysis of the pronounced problems of aging in order to reduce premature tissue degeneration were conducted. The objective of the work is to study the work of mitochondria, their influence on the mechanism of premature aging. Search for prospects for solving this issue, thanks to the study of the Sirtuin protein. The results achieved - an analysis of scientific articles was carried out, which described the mechanisms of aging and identified the causes of age-related changes. Promising solutions to the problems of aging associated with the effect of mitochondria on body tissues were found due to the maintenance of their work by replenishing the Sirtuin protein with nicotinamide riboside (NR). The effect of the Sirtuin protein on aging processes is discussed in the works of the authors presented in this article. As a result of the discussions, a hypothesis was put forward that mitochondria are involved in such processes as metabolism, autophagy and stem cell function. Their role in the mechanisms of aging is very high. If mitochondria do not work properly, oxidative stress, protein folding stress and mDNA mutations can occur, which is the cause of premature tissue aging. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the correct functioning of mitochondria, which can be done by a class of enzymes - Sirtuin (mitochondrial diacetylase). But the question still remains open. Therefore, the need to study Sirtuin is an important component for the prevention of age-related changes. This article discusses its great influence on the mechanisms of age-related changes.

Keywords:mitochondria, stem cells,sirtuin, autophagy, oxidative stress, protein folding stress.