METHODS OF EVALUATION AND TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH BRUXISM

Yartseva Alexandra V., Tolstunov Leonid G., Chepik Ekaterina A., Shanigina Diana V., Dybova Ekaterina V.

Bruxism is one of the actual and unsolved problems of medicine due to its polyetiology. Neurological, psychiatric, dental, and orthopedic causes of bruxism are distinguished. However, to date, according to the international classification of diseases, this pathology is attributed to psychiatric, in connection with which, most patients fall to a non-specialized doctor and receive only symptomatic treatment. This literature review summarizes the latest scientific data on the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of bruxism. Special attention is paid to the so-called vicious circle of myofascial pain syndrome development “spasm-pain-spasm”. It is noted that in the presence of anatomical substrate in the form of malocclusion the most effective treatment is anatomical correction of the biomechanics of temporomandibular joint, if there is no significant anatomical malformation, the treatment should necessarily include the use of botulinum toxin, which is not only a myoparalytic drug, but, as recent studies have shown, provides a change in the hyperactivity of stem and spinal interneurons, restructures the motor program.

Keywords:bruxism, temporomandibular joint dysfunction.