OVERVIEW OF CYBER THREATS TO SMART HOMES AND SMART CITIES: SYSTEMATIC CLASSIFICATION AND TREND ANALYSIS

Fedorov Sergey, Drilenko Daniil, Drilenko Alexandra

In recent years, smart home and smart city solutions based on the Internet of Things, computer vision, and artificial intelligence have been rapidly evolving. The massive connectivity and lack of unified cybersecurity standards lead to an expanded attack surface and the emergence of new vulnerabilities. Cybercriminals exploit default configurations and insufficient network segmentation to compromise both individual devices and large-scale urban systems. Targeted attacks can disrupt transportation infrastructure, surveillance services, and resource management systems. The prevalence of DDoS attacks and IoT botnets creates conditions for service failures in critical sectors. Combined (hybrid) attacks, merging network intrusions, social engineering, and physical penetration, pose a particular danger. This article offers a systematic classification and trend analysis of current threats, as well as identifies gaps in existing cybersecurity measures. The findings outline directions for the development of system-analytical methods of cyber risk management.

Keywords:smart home, smart city, cybersecurity, IoT, vulnerabilities