THE SPECIFICS OF THE MIGRATION OF POLLUTANTS IN VEGETATION DUE TO AN EMERGENCY SITUATION DURING A SPILL OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS

Saifiev Ruslan Rinatovich, Gayeva Elena Viktorovna, Sivkov Yuri Viktorovich

The objective reasons for the growth of oil production and the production of petroleum products around the world have created an acute problem of the toxicity of hydrocarbon pollutants facing environmentalists. Possible accidental oil spills are a widespread problem in achieving ecosystem sustainability. Pollution of natural ecosystems with petroleum products is of serious concern, since it destroys the structure of the soil, reducing its ability to biodegradate, and has a toxic effect on biota and human health. To predict the degree of impact of possible accidental oil product spills on the components of the natural environment, it is necessary to know the mechanisms of filtration and migration of oil pollutants. The work shows the stages of migration of the pollutant in plant communities and discusses measures to enhance phytoremediation of hydrocarbon spills. As phytoremediation measures, it is proposed to use a microbial complex of hydrocarbon-oxidizing and nitrogen-fixing microorganisms, planting genetically modified plants at the site of an emergency spill.

Keywords:petroleum products, migration, phytoremediation, plant communities, accidental hydrocarbon spills.