Employment and unemployment as the main characteristics of the labor market

Musaeva Ainulkhayat Zapirovna, Kadilamagomedova Aminat Omarovna

The market management system inevitably leads to an aggravation of the employment problem, the establishment and expansion of unemployment, which, of course, requires the development of principles and foundations for the formation of a state employment policy that ensures not only the efficient use of labor resources, but also their social protection. Employment and unemployment are interrelated: an increase in employment reduces unemployment, and a decrease in employment increases unemployment. Unemployment is the underutilized labor potential of society, the aggregate labor force as a factor of production. The Republic of Dagestan today is one of the most problematic regions of the Russian Federation with difficult conditions for ensuring the effective implementation of a continuously growing labor potential, increased unemployment and a busy labor market, and a high proportion of the population living below the poverty line. The article analyzes the employment and unemployment as the main characteristics of the labor market in the Republic of Dagestan. The main directions of improving the state employment policy and reduction of unemployment in the region are identified, which include: stimulating employment growth and increasing the number of jobs; increase in self-employment; the widespread use of flexible forms of employment in public and private sectors of the economy; expanding opportunities for professional training of employees; development of small and medium enterprises; close interaction of management entities in this area at the federal and regional levels; strengthening coordination of actions of the Ministry of Labor and Social Development of the Russian Federation with line ministries; development of tourism and related services industries, etc.

Keywords:labor market, employment, employment principles, employment management, unemployment classification, unemployment rate, structure and composition of the unemployed, self-employment, social policy, employment service, efficient employment, employment policy and unemployment reduction