THE CLUSTER APPROACH IN THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS

Mindlin Yury Borisovich

The article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using the cluster approach in Russian industry. According to the results of the study, the advantages of using the cluster approach for enterprises participating in the cluster included: increasing the competitiveness of cluster participants, increasing the effectiveness of cooperation, attracting investments, increasing the resilience to crises of enterprises participating in the cluster, the possibility of combining globalization and localization, industrial synergy of enterprises. The advantages of using the cluster approach for the region of the cluster's presence and the entire economy of the country included: the development of the region's infrastructure, the creation of new jobs at cluster enterprises, education and training, increasing the competitiveness of Russian enterprises in the world market, diversification of the Russian economy in order to reduce dependence on exports of raw materials, development of the innovative potential of the region and the country. The disadvantages and risks of using the cluster approach include: the risk of monopolization, negative impact on other enterprises in the cluster's region of presence, the so-called "agglomeration shadow", dependence on government support, uneven distribution of benefits among cluster participants, distrust between cluster participants and in relation to government agencies, the need to find investments.

Keywords:cluster, cluster approach, cluster policy, country competitiveness, advantages of clusters, disadvantages of clusters