ADAPTIVE STRATEGIES OF SMALL BUSINESSES IN THE MOSCOW REGION UNDER SANCTIONS PRESSURE

Kharchenko N. L., Yanov I. E., Cheshin D. A.

the article examines the specific features of small business functioning in the Moscow region under external economic restrictions and increasing sanctions pressure. The purpose of the study is to identify and systematize adaptive strategies used by small enterprises to maintain stability and competitiveness in a crisis environment. The methodological framework is based on a combination of systemic, comparative-analytical, and empirical approaches integrating theoretical analysis and field research. The empirical base includes the results of surveys and expert interviews with representatives of small businesses in Moscow and the Moscow region, as well as statistical data from Rosstat and regional institutions supporting entrepreneurship. The study identifies five main types of adaptive strategies: operational, innovation-technological, import substitution, marketing, and cooperative. It has been established that the effectiveness of adaptation measures directly depends on the degree of strategic planning and the enterprises’ readiness for digitalization and innovation. The research also reveals insufficient practical accessibility of state support measures, which necessitates the improvement of interaction mechanisms between government and business sectors. The findings can be used in the development of regional programs for small business support and the enhancement of institutional instruments of economic resilience.

Keywords:small business, adaptive strategies, sanctions pressure, economic resilience, import substitution, crisis management, state support.