Methods of management of cognitive activities and understanding of younger schoolchildren

Shadurko Oleg Vladimirovich

The article discusses the methods of managing cognitive activity and understanding of younger students. The federal educational standard of elementary general education considers the development of cognitive activity as a target landmark that ensures the successful educational activity of a primary school student. Creating conditions for the development of cognitive activity and understanding in primary school children and its activation is one of the urgent tasks of an elementary education teacher. The youngest student by the time of transition to the secondary level of education should have a developed, stable and diverse system of interests, which is an indicator formed by a growing personality. The author concludes that the combined lesson “does not focus” the very idea of an activity-based approach to the organization of training. For the successful activation of cognitive activity, it is necessary in the learning process to create conditions for enhancing cognitive activity, as well as to improve the system of mastering basic knowledge, skills, and it is necessary to observe the conditions for activating cognitive activity: an atmosphere of goodwill and cooperation in the classroom; a “success” situation for each student; inclusion of each student in collective work; the use of non-standard tasks when learning new things or when repeating already completed material; taking into account the individual characteristics of students.

Keywords:cognitive activity, understanding, primary school age, teaching methods, activity approach.