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In contemporary conditions, which are characterised as a 'new reality', the issue of forming the conscience of new generations of people is of particular importance. The erosion of traditional values has given rise to a newfound urgency in the education of human beings and citizens. As the scientific literature continues to debate the formation of conscience, its essence, and the dialectics of its development, without offering unambiguous assessments, the authors have attempted to provide a historical, retrospective, and philosophical analysis of the emergence of the concept of 'conscience'. In this analysis, they explore its relationship with concepts such as 'competence' and 'morality'. Spiritual love, patience and labour are identified and characterised as fundamental factors in the formation of conscience. The dialectics of conscience are presented in three distinct aspects. Firstly, conscience is presented as a unity of opposite ideas, namely sacral and secular. Secondly, it is presented as a problem of transferring the phenomenon of conscience from the state of due to the state of being (from idea to deed). Thirdly, it is presented as a question of defining justice, namely its internal basis and its correlation with law (norms of law).
Keywords:due, spiritual love, competence, personality, morality, conscience, justice, essence, labour, man.
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