Formation of the state scientific and technical policy in the Russian Empire

Krasivskaya V. N.

On the basis of the archival and published documents the problem of formation of the state scientific and technical policy in the Russian Empire is considered. The main stages in its evolution are allocated. As its most significant directions are defined: formation of a regulatory framework; reorganization of a system of public administration by the scientific and technical sphere; preparation of national shots in the system of the higher technical education; creation of network of scientific organizations. A conclusion about in general the effective and consistently realized policy of the state in the scientific and technical sphere is formulated. Among the most significant achievements are designated such as creation and constant improvement of a patent system, formation of engineering education and support of activity of scientific organizations.

Keywords:Scientific and technical policy, system of privileges, engineering educations, scientific sphere, state support.