National and cultural vocabulary as a reflection of the linguistic picture of the world of speakers (on the example of the territorial dialect of the Spanish language of the Mexican state of Quintana Roo)

Shakhnazaryan Vladimir M.

The article is devoted to the study of national and cultural vocabulary, reflecting the linguistic picture of the world of the Spanish-speaking part of the population of the Mexican state of Quintana Roo, as well as bilinguals (Spanish - Maya). The purpose of the study is to identify the methods of education and the use of national-cultural vocabulary, as well as the factors that influenced the formation of ethnically marked lexical units, within the specifics of the mentality of the Spanish speakers in the studying region. The object of research is lexical units that have a national-cultural specificity of use. Among them: fixed expressions related to lively colloquial speech, borrowings from the English language, Spanish vocabulary proper (léxico patrimonial), ethnographic dialectisms. During the study, it was noted that the direct relationship with the mental activity of native speaker and user makes the language not just a means of communication, but also a way of broadcasting the worldview of the speaker with other communicators, reflecting the inner world in terms of the peculiarities of mentality, collective national worldview.

Keywords:vocabulary with national and cultural features; metaphors and idioms; language picture of the world; specific mentality; Mexican national variant of Spanish; Quintana Roo state.