Thinking of older preschool children with mental retardation

Bagnetova Ekaterina Mikhailovna, Kapustina Natalia Gennadievna

The main violation in the structure of the defect of children with mental retardation is the lack of formation of analytical and synthetic activity. Modern regulatory and legal foundations of the education system impose requirements for the individualization of the educational process. This is also reflected in the requirements for the diagnostic examination procedure. We have developed a diagnostic program that includes a number of tasks. This article summarizes the empirical results of the psychological and pedagogical examination of preschoolers (6-7 years old) with mental retardation. During the diagnostic process, the peculiarities of the formation of mental operations were revealed, such as: analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, classification. Empirical data confirm a number of theoretical and methodological positions of leading researchers in the field of special psychology and pedagogy (U. V. Ulenkova, N. A. Tsypina, C.G. Shevchenko, L.M. Shipitsyna, etc.). This proves the existence of an urgent problem of education and training of children with mental retardation and emphasizes the importance of planning correctional and pedagogical work on the development of mental activity in students of this category.

Keywords:thinking, mental operations, psychological and pedagogical examination, experiment, mental retardation, diagnostic program.