Problems of primary education in Yelets before the XIX century

Pertsev Vladimir Vladimirovich

The development of primary education in Yelets before the 19th century is a question little studied by historians of pedagogy and of interest in terms of studying the process of the origin of primary education in the Russian province from ancient times until the 19th century, when in Russia, as a result of the reforms of Alexander I, a clear system of public education developed in Russia, which included continuity between primary, secondary and higher schools and primary education in the province began to develop actively. In this article, based on the analysis of archival documents of their state archives, museums, the epistolary heritage of contemporaries, studies of local historians, pre-revolutionary newspapers, we have recreated the dynamics of the origin, development, the main stages of the formation of primary education in a Russian provincial city, before the emergence of the state system of public education. The paper studied the problems and main stages of the development of primary education in the provincial Russian city of Yelets from ancient times to the 19th century, which was at different times first in the Azov (1708), then in Voronezh (1725) and finally in the Oryol province (1778). Today the city of Yelets is the administrative center of the Yelets district of the Lipetsk region of the Lipetsk region).

Keywords:primary education, county school, pre-revolutionary education in Russia, Oryol province, Yelets district, the history of public education in the province, cultural and educational environment.