Perestroika and the collapse of the USSR in an interdisciplinary-synergetic version

Baklanov Vyacheslav Ivanovich

The article is devoted to the fateful period of Perestroika for the USSR (1985-1991) and the analysis of its contradictory policies. In the first part of the study, the author, relying on the works of the humanities and natural sciences, offers a research program of the article, written conceptually concisely and strictly in an interdisciplinary manner. The second part of the work has already been prepared in historical and narrative discourse and already reveals the problem field of the topic under study, which was started in the first part. The purpose of the article is to analyze and reveal the fundamental causes and consequences during which the Soviet communist project and the multinational Soviet Union eventually collapsed. The methodology of the article was an interdisciplinary approach. The scientific novelty of the article is, firstly, the heuristic unification of the two parts of the work (conceptual and narrative), and secondly, the extensive use of synergetic methods and developments of scientists from different fields of science in order to reveal the subject of research, the purpose of the work as much as possible in many ways and to fulfill all the tasks set. The results of the work: The Communist-Soviet system was put into a state of shock, and then became uncontrollable by hasty and ill-conceived measures of the reformers of Perestroika from above. The uncontrollability of the system was the result of a change in the composition of the key structural parameters responsible for its viability. When the process of updating and "accelerating" Perestroika ended in failure, Gorbachev and his team chose extremely unsuccessful methods of treating the "sick" USSR, introduces the market. However, the introduction of market mechanisms caused a chain reaction of destruction of the Soviet planning and state system. A particularly negative role in the collapse of the social model of socialism was the undermining of the monopoly on power of the CPSU - the backbone of the state. All this facilitated the seizure of power by those who were eager to convert power into property and become a full-fledged capitalist class. Conclusions: The irony of the story was that the perestroika policy turned out to be an absolute failure, from the point of view of its original goals (democratic socialism), but it turned out to be logical and effective in terms of the transition to capitalism.

Keywords:synergetics, uncontrollability, perestroika, democratic socialism, party nomenclature, cooperatives, liberals, anti-communism, capitalism.