Aspects forms of imperative verb in terms of pragmatic approach (on the material of the poetic texts of V.V. Mayakovsky)

Han Xiao

The article analyzes the use of forms of imperative mood (imperatives) in the poetry of V.V. Mayakovsky. It is noted that in a pragmatic sense, imperatives are structural means of directive speech acts (DSA), the illocutionary purpose of which is the desire to induce the addressee to perform some action. In the poetic texts of V.V. Mayakovsky, there are DSA of various pragmatic varieties. The predominantly prescriptive DSA and their kind of appeal, with which the poet appeals to the supporters of the Soviet regime. Among the requisitioning DSA, the poet prefers a request, which he often makes out as an ironic appeal to the opponents of the socialist system. Suggestive DSAs appear to be less in demand. The poet uses the perfect or imperfect form of imperatives as an additional means allowing him to increase the illocutionary power of the DSA. In a direct impulse, an imperfect form is used, in an indirect one – perfect. In addition, forms of imperfect appearance emphasize the complexity and duration of the changes taking place in the country and in the minds of people. It is concluded that the use of DRA, the structural part of which is the imperative, depends on the original, innovative poetic style of V.V. Mayakovsky, based on colloquial, dialogical, oratorical intonation and imitation of the elements of expressive oral speech.

Keywords:imperative mood, imperative, perfect and imperfect view, directive speech act, pragmatics, pragmatic approach, Vladimir Mayakovsky.