| |
This article discusses the features of the interpretation of the infinitive forms in ancient and new Semitic languages for translation into Indo-European languages, which is necessary for more effective study of Semitic languages in high school. It is established that in the studied Semitic languages the infinitive is the most common verbal name of the substantive character. In the most ancient of the Semitic languages, Akkadian, one form of the infinitive is recorded. The Akkadian infinitive is a declinable name and, as in most Indo-European languages, is used primarily in the Nominative and Accusative cases. The Akkadian infinitive combines the meanings of a verb and a noun. As a noun, it can change in cases, have a definition and enter into a conjugate state, it has no species-temporal and collateral categories, does not change in genera and numbers, representing a frozen form of the masculine singular. As a verb, the infinitive varies by breed and can control a direct complement in the Accusative. Sometimes the infinitive is used in such constructions, where it simultaneously performs nominal and verbal functions. However, already in the Hebrew language, the infinitive is differentiated into two forms, different in education and syntactic functions, which do not have temporal and collateral shades. This is the finitely conjugated (or personal) and the absolute (verbal) infinitives. Both forms do not have the time and the pledge of shades, but for the most part is a synthetic education. The absolute form of the Semitic infinitive often has an adverbial meaning and performs in the sentence those functions that are inherent in the Indo-European languages gerund or gerund. In some languages (Arabic) there is no infinitive form, and in others (modern Hebrew) there is a tendency to merge functions of infinitives due to the abolition of the form of the absolute infinitive.
Keywords:infinitive, Semitic languages, Indo-European languages, verbal breeds
|
LEGAL
INFORMATION:
