Cognitive basis of errors in verb usage made by learners of russian as a foreign language

Schelokova A.

The article highlights the results of a study of the mistakes of Chinese residents in spoken and written language, a comparative analysis of the grammatical expression of the verb in Russian and Chinese languages showed that the verb categories of these languages not relevant, and inconsistent grammatical signs of the Russian verb, such as the person, number and gender of them not at all represented in Chinese. This fact leads to the substitution of the elements of the synthetic expression of the verbal categories of the Russian language. Also, in the analyzed examples the lexical substitution is indicative, based on the polyvalency of the Russian verb, which is reflected in the prepositional case system. The analysis carried out makes it possible to say that the phenomenon of substitution, in turn, forms two types of errors in the speech of students of the Russian language as foreign: structural and destructive.

Keywords:category, verb, error, substitution, Russian, Chinese