COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE MICROFIELD “RESCUE SERVICE” IN RUSSIAN AND GERMAN LANGUAGES

Tabatskaya Alexandra Mikhailovna

This paper examines the semantic field of the “Rescue Service”, its characteristics and structure based on the material of the Russian and German languages. The relevance of this study lies in the need to study and organize vocabulary in the field of rescue for specialists from different countries, due to difficulties in understanding the special layer of vocabulary. The scientific novelty of this work is due to the research material, as well as a direct comparative approach to the study of terms in the system of rescue services based on two languages. The article presents a comparative analysis of the microfield in this type of incident as “Rescue Services” based on two countries, Russia and Germany. The work answers the question of what rescue services are and how they differ in different countries. The structure of rescue services existing in Russia and rescue services operating in Germany, as well as their brief characteristics, are considered. As a result of the analysis of lexemes using the example of the vocabulary of two languages, it was concluded that the composition of lexemes in the vocabulary of the semantic field “Rescue Services” is similar. At the end of this work, conclusions about the similarities and differences of this structure in the two countries are presented. The vocabulary of the semantic field “Rescue Service” has been studied. As a result of the study, it was revealed that there are serious differences in the structure of the rescue services of Germany and Russia, and there are very few differences in the composition of nuclear units. In both Russian and German, the majority of terms are multicomponent term-phrases. Among the differences, one can highlight the presence in the German language of terms-words consisting of several root morphemes.

Keywords:rescue service, semantic field, assistance, rescue, fire protection.