PREREQUISITES FOR THE APRIL 1978 REVOLUTION IN AFGHANISTAN: A CATALYST FOR CHANGE

Baspakova Madina, Kretinin Gennady Viktorovich

The April Revolution of 1978 is one of the key events in the history of Afghanistan. It arose as a result of an armed coup that led to the overthrow of the regime of M. Daoud Khan and the establishment of communist rule in the country. The main objective of the study is to analyze and identify the factors that led to the emergence of the April Revolution. The objective of the study is to clarify the reasons for the outcome of the revolutionary movement, its relationship with the political, economic and social context of the country. The hypothesis of the study is that the combination of internal contradictions, economic difficulties and external pressure created the critical mass necessary for the implementation of the revolution. The article uses the historical-descriptive method as a methodology, as well as a combination of historical analysis and political assessment to study the 1978 revolution in Afghanistan. The results achieved show that the April Revolution of 1978 was the result of a complex interaction of various factors that not only contributed to the overthrow of the existing regime, but also led to significant changes in the political structure of the country, forming new social realities and opening the way for subsequent conflicts.

Keywords:Emirate of Afghanistan, M. Daoud Khan regime, military coup of 1973, April Revolution of 1978.