PROBLEMS OF ADAPTATION OF FIRST-YEAR STUDENTS TO STUDYING GRAPHIC DISCIPLINES IN A TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY: DIAGNOSTICS AND SOLUTIONS

Zaikin Vladimir Konstantinovich

The subject of the study is the process of adaptation of first-year students of technical universities to studying graphic disciplines. The purpose of the work is to identify the key problems of the adaptation process and develop scientifically sound ways to solve them. The research methodology is based on a comprehensive analysis of the psychological, pedagogical, cognitive and technological aspects of the educational process using a systems approach to the study of adaptation mechanisms. The results of the study demonstrate the multifactorial nature of adaptation difficulties, including the immaturity of spatial thinking, a lack of basic knowledge in drawing, organizational problems of independent work and motivational barriers. The scope of application of the results covers the system of higher technical education, the methodological work of teachers of graphic disciplines and the development of educational programs for first-year students. Scientific novelty lies in the comprehensive diagnostics of adaptation problems and the substantiation of an integrated approach to their solution through a combination of traditional and innovative educational technologies. The findings of the study confirm the need for a radical revision of methodological approaches to teaching graphic disciplines, taking into account modern requirements for engineering training and the psychological characteristics of first-year students.

Keywords:student adaptation, graphic disciplines, technical education, spatial thinking, engineering graphics, first-year students, educational technologies