WOMEN WRITERS CONTRIBUTION TO CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE MIDDLE EAST (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE WORKS OF MARIANA MARRASCH AND NELLIE HANNA)

Gubareva Alexandra Igorevna

The research relevance is determined by the insufficient degree of study of the role of women writers in the formation of the cultural landscape of the Middle East, despite the significant contribution to the development of literature, journalism and intellectual thought. The research goal is to identify and systematize the main directions and forms of participation of women writers in the development of culture in the Middle East on the example of the work of Mariana Marrasch and Nelly Hanna. Achieving this goal involves solving the following tasks: analyzing the literary heritage, identifying common characteristics and differences in creative approaches, as well as determining the degree of influence of the works of Maryana Marrasch and Nellie Hanna on the formation of public opinion and cultural identity in the Middle East region. The research methods include the historical-biographical method, which allows reconstructing the life and creative evolution of Mariana Marrasch and Nellie Hanna; the comparative-historical method for comparing creative approaches; literary analysis, aimed at studying the structure and content of their literary heritage; as well as the method of content analysis used to identify key themes and motifs in their works. As a theoretical basis, works on the history of Arabic literature, gender studies and cultural studies were analyzed. The following conclusions were formulated: the literary work of Mariana Marrasch and Nellie Hanna demonstrates the contribution of women writers to the cultural development of the Middle East, reflects the socio-political situation and focuses on gender inequality and national identity. Mariana Marrasch laid the foundations for women's expression in literature, and her literary salon in Aleppo became the center of intellectual life. Nellie Hanna continues these traditions, highlighting little-studied aspects of the history of the Middle East and raising important social issues.

Keywords:women, culture, countries of the Middle East, Maryana Marrash, Nellie Hanna, world literature, history