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The article analyses the peculiarities of the economic development of German settlements in Russia in 1764–1917. The analysis of the agricultural and economic setup of these settlements-communities is stressed. The Germans who moved to Russia due to Catherine II's manifestos had to adapt themselves to the setup of the Russian peasant community. The article focuses on such aspects as agricultural development of the settlers in the 18th - early 20th century; the transformation of the way of life and the evolution of the settlements; the emergence of new categories of settlers (Stammwirte, Nebensitzer, ploughmen etc.); the convergence of Russian and German communities; the development of crafts and industry in the settlements.
Keywords:Agrarian law, plot of land, general communal ownership, private communal ownership, economy, agriculture, craft, industry, pasture, meadow, crew of workers, plant, factory, rent, Mennonite Baptists, tobacco plantations
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