THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE OF STUDENTS OF A GENERAL EDUCATION SCHOOL IN FRANCE

Pavlova Olga Ilyinichna

The article discusses the conceptual foundations of the professional orientation of students of a general education school in France: idealistic mechanistic, technocratic and educational, which historically developed in the French school system and became a response to the socio-economic changes that took place in society. The idealistic mechanistic model was based on the diagnostic concept, according to which the goal of the school was to diagnose, using certain methods, the inclinations of students to a particular profession and to select a suitable professional occupation upon leaving school. This approach was replaced by a technocratic model, in which the school was seen as a tool for preparing students for a professional choice throughout the entire period of study. However, the profession, and hence the direction of study, was determined using the same diagnostic methods without taking into account the opinion of students, but taking into account the state's needs for professional personnel. In the modern French education system, a fundamentally new approach to the professional orientation of students has developed, based on an educational model for building the practice of career guidance work. In this model, the student is the subject of his professional choice. The focus of the pedagogical team that carries out career guidance is the interests, abilities, inclinations of the student himself. In the post-pandemic period, the educational concept has been developed in the direction of expanding educational opportunities for students.

Keywords:idealistic mechanistic model, technocratic model, educational model, continuous support, orientation education, expansion of educational opportunities